Judge bars further tree removal at East Potomac Golf Course and rejects a Justice Department motion to disqualify her

The Park Service cut about 430 trees at East Potomac Golf Course after a late Friday notice. Judge Ana Reyes barred further removal and refused a government request that she step aside. Trump attacked the judge and said work would begin.

Case period:

Published by The Dispute Index editorial teamPublished Updated

U.S. Department of the InteriorNational Park ServiceDC Preservation LeagueAna C. ReyesDonald TrumpDoug Burgum

Overview

The National Park Service removed about 430 trees from East Potomac Golf Course in Washington on October 10, 2026, the morning after the government gave notice in a lawsuit by the DC Preservation League and two golfers that challenges the Trump administration's plans for the course. U.S. District Judge Ana Reyes barred further removal, finding the plaintiffs likely to show the agency did not comply with required environmental review. The government then moved to disqualify her for bias, and she denied the motion on October 18. The next day President Trump attacked the judge and said work would begin immediately.

Read the full background

The DC Preservation League and two golfers who play at East Potomac sued the Interior Department and the National Park Service on February 13, 2026. They say the administration is moving toward rebuilding the historic public course without the reviews federal law requires. For months Reyes declined their requests to restrain the government, and in May she told the government she wanted the plaintiffs to have notice before significant work.

At 4:55 p.m. on Friday, October 9, the government gave notice that tree removal would begin within 15 hours. In her October 13 opinion, Reyes wrote that the Interior Department approved the tree plan in five days, that about 430 healthy, non-invasive trees came down on October 10, and that a park official testified there was no urgency. The government says the work carries out a 2019 report on the course's historic setting and is separate from any plan to rebuild the course. Reyes noted that it came weeks after a June 28 post in which Trump said Interior would begin work on the course on September 1.

The government's October 16 motion said no reasonable observer could consider Reyes impartial, citing her conduct at the October 12 hearing and in other cases. Reyes denied it on October 18, pointing to months of hearings in which she had credited government counsel. That morning Trump announced a design by golf architect Tom Fazio and said restoration work would begin on November 15. The government says there is still no final agency action for a court to review. The evidentiary hearing on the plaintiffs' motion for a preliminary injunction concluded on October 19.

People in this case

Timeline

11 timeline entries on this page. Dates: February 13, 2026 to October 19, 2026

  1. February 2026

    1. DC Preservation League and two golfers sue over plans for East Potomac Golf Course

      The DC Preservation League and golfers Dave Roberts and Alex Dickson sue the Interior Department, Interior Secretary Doug Burgum, the National Park Service and Jessica Bowron, who exercises the authority of the Park Service director.

      [01]United States District Court for the District of Columbia

      Reyes answers each of the government's claims of bias with excerpts from earlier hearing transcripts and denies the motion.

      [02]DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), plaintiffs' opposition to the motion to disqualify Judge Ana C. Reyes (Dkt. 90)

      The plaintiffs' response to the government's disqualification motion, filed by lawyers from Lowell & Associates, Democracy Forward Foundation and Democracy Defenders Fund.

  2. June 2026

    1. Trump says Interior will begin work on the course on September 1

      Claim

      In a Truth Social post cited by the court, Trump says the Interior Department will begin work on September 1 to replace East Potomac Golf Course with one of the greatest golf courses in the world.

      [03]United States District Court for the District of Columbia

      Reyes granted the plaintiffs' emergency motion and barred further work under the Park Service's tree management plan at East Potomac Golf Course. The opinion describes the October 10 tree removal and testimony from the October 12 hearing.

  3. October 2026

    1. Government gives notice of tree removal at 4:55 p.m. on a holiday Friday

      Source release

      The government notifies the court that tree removal at the course will begin within 15 hours. The Interior Department had ordered, considered and approved the tree plan that week.

      [01]United States District Court for the District of Columbia

      Reyes answers each of the government's claims of bias with excerpts from earlier hearing transcripts and denies the motion.

      [03]United States District Court for the District of Columbia

      Reyes granted the plaintiffs' emergency motion and barred further work under the Park Service's tree management plan at East Potomac Golf Course. The opinion describes the October 10 tree removal and testimony from the October 12 hearing.

    2. Park Service removes about 430 trees from the course

      Incident

      Park Service crews remove about 430 healthy, non-invasive trees in one day, according to the court. Rain stopped the removal of hundreds more.

      [03]United States District Court for the District of Columbia

      Reyes granted the plaintiffs' emergency motion and barred further work under the Park Service's tree management plan at East Potomac Golf Course. The opinion describes the October 10 tree removal and testimony from the October 12 hearing.

      [04]Associated Press

      Associated Press report, published by PBS News, on the October 12 emergency hearing at which Reyes ordered a 24-hour halt to tree cutting at the course.

    3. Reyes orders a 24-hour halt after an emergency hearing

      Incident

      After a three-hour hearing on the Columbus Day holiday, Reyes orders a 24-hour halt to tree cutting and asks to hear from Interior Department deputy chief of staff Greg Wischer, according to the Associated Press.

      [04]Associated Press

      Associated Press report, published by PBS News, on the October 12 emergency hearing at which Reyes ordered a 24-hour halt to tree cutting at the course.

    4. Reyes grants a temporary restraining order

      Reyes bars further work under the tree management plan, finding the plaintiffs likely to succeed on their claim that the Park Service failed to meet the National Environmental Policy Act's review requirements.

      [03]United States District Court for the District of Columbia

      Reyes granted the plaintiffs' emergency motion and barred further work under the Park Service's tree management plan at East Potomac Golf Course. The opinion describes the October 10 tree removal and testimony from the October 12 hearing.

    5. Government moves to disqualify Reyes

      Claim

      In a motion signed by Associate Attorney General Stanley Woodward Jr., the government asks Reyes to step aside for bias and to release the audio of the October 12 hearing.

      [05]DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), defendants' motion to disqualify Judge Ana C. Reyes and to authorize release of hearing audio (Dkt. 86)

      Filed for the Interior Department, Interior Secretary Doug Burgum, the National Park Service and Jessica Bowron. The motion cites Reyes's remarks at the October 12 hearing and her conduct in other cases involving the Trump administration.

    6. Trump announces a Tom Fazio design for a new course

      Reaction

      Trump says the Interior Department and architect Tom Fazio have a plan for a championship course on the site and that restoration work will begin on November 15. Reyes takes judicial notice of the post and asks the government to state its position on final agency action.

      [06]Donald Trump

      Trump says the Interior Department and golf course architect Tom Fazio have developed a plan for a championship course on the site, open to the public, with restoration work to begin on November 15. Reyes took judicial notice of the post the same day.

      [07]United States District Court for the District of Columbia

      Court docket for the case. The October 18 minute order takes judicial notice of Trump's post and asks the government to state its position; the October 19 minute entry records that the evidentiary hearing on the motion for a preliminary injunction concluded.

      DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), docket entries for October 18 to 20, 2026 · United States District Court for the District of ColumbiaMinute entries of October 18 and October 19, 2026
    7. Reyes denies the motion to disqualify her

      Reyes rejects each of the government's claims of bias with excerpts from earlier hearings and denies the motion. The government says there is still no final agency action in the case.

      [01]United States District Court for the District of Columbia

      Reyes answers each of the government's claims of bias with excerpts from earlier hearing transcripts and denies the motion.

      [08]DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), defendants' response regarding their position on final agency action (Dkt. 94)

      Filed the evening of October 18 after Reyes asked whether the government kept its position that there was no final agency action, following Trump's announcement of a design for the course that morning.

    8. Trump attacks the judge and says work will begin immediately

      Reaction

      Trump says the Interior Department has an absolute right to renovate the course without approval and that work is scheduled to begin immediately. The plaintiffs file the post with the court.

      [09]Donald Trump

      Trump says the Interior Department has an absolute right to renovate the course without approval, says the plaintiff golfer has no standing, and attacks the judge.

      [10]DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), plaintiffs' notice of another social media post by the President (Dkt. 96)

      The plaintiffs filed Trump's October 19 post with the court, reproducing it in full with a screenshot as an exhibit.

    9. Evidentiary hearing on a preliminary injunction concludes

      Reyes hears testimony from Greg Wischer, Jessica Bowron and Kevin Griess and takes the plaintiffs' motion for a preliminary injunction under advisement.

      [07]United States District Court for the District of Columbia

      Court docket for the case. The October 18 minute order takes judicial notice of Trump's post and asks the government to state its position; the October 19 minute entry records that the evidentiary hearing on the motion for a preliminary injunction concluded.

      DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), docket entries for October 18 to 20, 2026 · United States District Court for the District of ColumbiaMinute entries of October 18 and October 19, 2026

Claims

Claims separate what was said from what is contested. Follow each source for the original wording and context.

What's disputed

Disputed claim

DC Preservation League

The Park Service's tree removal at East Potomac Golf Course is a step in the administration's plan to rebuild the course and was carried out without the environmental review the National Environmental Policy Act requires.

What is disputed

The government says the tree management plan carries out a 2019 report on the course's historic setting and has nothing to do with any plan to rebuild the course. In granting a temporary restraining order on October 13, Reyes found the plaintiffs likely to succeed on their environmental review claim.

Sources (2)

Disputed claim

U.S. Department of the Interior

Any redesign of East Potomac Golf Course is not final agency action that a court can review under the Administrative Procedure Act.

What is disputed

Reyes asked the government whether it kept this position after Trump announced a design for the course on October 18. The government said the plan is not final because the Park Service has not completed its review. In her October 13 opinion, Reyes found that the tree management plan is likely final agency action.

Sources (2)

Disputed claim

U.S. Department of the Interior

Judge Ana Reyes cannot impartially decide the East Potomac case and must be disqualified.

What is disputed

The plaintiffs opposed the motion. Reyes denied it on October 18, writing that she had denied the plaintiffs' requests for relief nearly a dozen times before October 11 and that the government had not met its burden to show that her words and actions required disqualification.

Sources (2)

Response record

Responses

Choose one response filter, or select All responses to see the full record.

5 responses. Newest first.

  1. Donald TrumpPresident of the United StatesDirectly involved

    Before this statement

    Trump posted the message at 6:08 a.m. Eastern time on October 19, a day after he announced a design by Tom Fazio for a championship course on the site.

    "The United States Department of Interior wants to take a terrible and very unsafe golf course, and make it into a great, safe, and prestigious golf course. They have an absolute right to do so. It’s as simple as that! The judge on the case is a crazed lunatic whose courthouse tapes will reveal, may be insane?"
    Defended or excused

    Responding to: The Park Service's tree removal at East Potomac Golf Course is a step in the administration's plan to rebuild the course and was carried out without the environmental review the National Environmental Policy Act requires.

    Full statement and sources

    Trump says the Interior Department has an absolute right to turn the course into a great and safe one, calls the judge a crazed lunatic, and says work is scheduled to begin immediately.

    After the statement

    He wrote that the golfer who brought the lawsuit has no standing, that Interior does not need an approval for the renovation and that work was scheduled to begin immediately.

    Why this label?

    The reference point is the Interior Department's October 2026 removal of trees at East Potomac Golf Course and its plans to rebuild the course. Trump says the department has "an absolute right to do so" and does not need an approval, so we labeled it Defended or excused. The closest competing label is Challenged the characterization; it loses because he endorses the work itself rather than disputing how it has been described.

    This label describes the statement's response within the context above.

  2. DC Preservation LeaguePlaintiff, through a filing by its attorneysDirectly involved

    Before this statement

    The plaintiffs' opposition to the disqualification motion says the government had repeatedly told the court it would not take irreversible action at the course without giving notice.

    "But, on October 10, Defendants did exactly what they said they would not do: they razed hundreds of trees on the golf course before Plaintiffs had an opportunity to challenge Defendants’ actions."
    Condemned

    Responding to: Judge Ana Reyes cannot impartially decide the East Potomac case and must be disqualified.

    Full statement and sources

    In opposing the disqualification motion, the plaintiffs say the government broke its promises to the court by cutting hundreds of trees before they could challenge the work.

    After the statement

    It says the government made a filing at 4:55 p.m. on the Friday of a holiday weekend, began cutting trees the next morning and offered no justification for the lack of notice.

    Why this label?

    The reference point is the Interior Department's October 2026 removal of trees at East Potomac Golf Course and its plans to rebuild the course. The plaintiffs say the government "did exactly what they said they would not do" and razed the trees before they could object, so we labeled it Condemned. The closest competing label is Challenged the characterization; it loses because the filing criticizes the removal itself.

    This label describes the statement's response within the context above.

  3. Ana C. ReyesU.S. district judge for the District of Columbia, presiding over the caseDirectly involved

    Before this statement

    Reyes wrote that between February 13, when the case was filed, and October 11 she had not barred the government from taking any action at East Potomac, including tree removal.

    "So what happened? Not sudden onset bias. Instead, the Government decided to remove over 500 healthy, non-invasive trees from East Potomac Golf Course."
    Challenged the characterization

    Responding to: Judge Ana Reyes cannot impartially decide the East Potomac case and must be disqualified.

    Full statement and sources

    Denying the government's motion to disqualify her, Reyes writes that what happened was not sudden bias but the government's decision to remove over 500 healthy, non-invasive trees from the course after giving notice late on a holiday Friday.

    After the statement

    She wrote that the government gave notice at 4:55 p.m. on the Friday of a holiday weekend, removed nearly 430 trees in one day, and had not met its burden to show that her actions and words required disqualification.

    Why this label?

    The reference point is the Interior Department's October 2026 removal of trees at East Potomac Golf Course and its plans to rebuild the course. Reyes disputes the government's account that her handling of the case reflects bias and attributes the conflict to the government's decision to remove the trees, so we labeled it Challenged the characterization. The closest competing label is Condemned; it loses because in this passage she describes the decision without expressly judging the removal.

    This label describes the statement's response within the context above.

  4. U.S. Department of the InteriorDefendant, through a motion signed by Associate Attorney General Stanley Woodward Jr.Directly involved

    Before this statement

    The motion says Reyes has hamstrung the government's legitimate attempts to maintain East Potomac Park from the outset. It lists remarks she made at the October 12 hearing, including her statement that the government could not be trusted, and says government counsel met her duty of candor to the court.

    "Notably, all of this concerned the government’s performance of authorized tree maintenance in East Potomac Park."
    Defended or excused

    Responding to: Judge Ana Reyes cannot impartially decide the East Potomac case and must be disqualified.

    Full statement and sources

    In a motion asking Reyes to step aside, the government says her remarks and conduct toward its counsel at the October 12 hearing all concerned authorized tree maintenance at East Potomac Park.

    After the statement

    The motion asks that the case be moved to another judge and that the court release the audio of the October 12 hearing.

    Why this label?

    The reference point is the Interior Department's October 2026 removal of trees at East Potomac Golf Course and its plans to rebuild the course. The motion calls the work "authorized tree maintenance" and says the judge has hamstrung the government's "legitimate attempts to maintain East Potomac Park", so we labeled it Defended or excused. The closest competing label is Challenged the characterization; it loses because the motion presents the work as authorized and legitimate rather than disputing a label.

    This label describes the statement's response within the context above.

  5. Ana C. ReyesU.S. district judge for the District of Columbia, presiding over the caseDirectly involved

    Before this statement

    Reyes summarized the government's position that the tree plan carries out a 2019 report on the course's historic setting and has nothing to do with plans to rebuild the course, noting that the trees came down weeks after Trump asked the Interior Department to cut down trees at the course.

    "That asks rather a lot of coincidence. For now, Plaintiffs have satisfied the factors necessary for the Court to enter a temporary restraining order prohibiting further implementation of the TMP. They have shown a likelihood of success on jurisdiction: the individual plaintiffs regularly golf at East Potomac Golf Course, and the TMP is final agency action. They have also shown a likelihood of success on their National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) claim as NPS likely failed to comply with that statute’s procedural and “hard look” requirements."
    Condemned

    Responding to: The Park Service's tree removal at East Potomac Golf Course is a step in the administration's plan to rebuild the course and was carried out without the environmental review the National Environmental Policy Act requires.

    Full statement and sources

    In granting a temporary restraining order against further tree removal, Reyes rejects the government's suggestion that the timing of the removal was a coincidence and finds the plaintiffs likely to show the Park Service did not comply with the National Environmental Policy Act.

    After the statement

    She wrote that the felling of hundreds of healthy, non-invasive trees has no adequate remedy at law and that the government had professed no interest in removing the remaining trees urgently, citing a park official's testimony.

    Why this label?

    The reference point is the Interior Department's October 2026 removal of trees at East Potomac Golf Course and its plans to rebuild the course. Reyes rejects the government's suggestion that the timing of the removal was a coincidence, saying it "asks rather a lot of coincidence", and finds the Park Service likely failed to comply with the law's procedural and review requirements, so we labeled it Condemned. The closest competing label is Challenged the characterization; it loses because she goes beyond disputing the government's account and bars further work.

    This label describes the statement's response within the context above.

Sources

(10)

Original text

DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), memorandum opinion granting a temporary restraining order (Dkt. 79)

Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Memorandum opinion, pages 1-4

About this source

Reyes granted the plaintiffs' emergency motion and barred further work under the Park Service's tree management plan at East Potomac Golf Course. The opinion describes the October 10 tree removal and testimony from the October 12 hearing.

Author
Judge Ana C. Reyes
Published
Accessed
Archived copy (opens in a new tab)

Original text

DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), docket entries for October 18 to 20, 2026

DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), docket entries for October 18 to 20, 2026 (opens in a new tab) · United States District Court for the District of ColumbiaMinute entries of October 18 and October 19, 2026
Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Minute entries of October 18 and October 19, 2026

About this source

Court docket for the case. The October 18 minute order takes judicial notice of Trump's post and asks the government to state its position; the October 19 minute entry records that the evidentiary hearing on the motion for a preliminary injunction concluded.

Author
U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia
Published
Accessed
Archived copy (opens in a new tab)

Reporting

Federal judge orders Trump administration to halt work for a day on historic D.C. golf course

Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Full article

About this source

Associated Press report, published by PBS News, on the October 12 emergency hearing at which Reyes ordered a 24-hour halt to tree cutting at the course.

Author
Gary Fields
Published
Accessed
Archived copy (opens in a new tab)

Original text

Donald Trump's Truth Social post on the East Potomac golf course lawsuit and Judge Ana Reyes

Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Full post, October 19, 2026, 6:08 a.m. EDT

About this source

Trump says the Interior Department has an absolute right to renovate the course without approval, says the plaintiff golfer has no standing, and attacks the judge.

Author
Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump)
Published
Accessed

Original text

Donald Trump's Truth Social post announcing a Tom Fazio design for East Potomac Golf Links

Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Full post, October 18, 2026, 10:09 a.m. EDT

About this source

Trump says the Interior Department and golf course architect Tom Fazio have developed a plan for a championship course on the site, open to the public, with restoration work to begin on November 15. Reyes took judicial notice of the post the same day.

Author
Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump)
Published
Accessed
Archived copy (opens in a new tab)

Original text

DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), plaintiffs' notice of another social media post by the President (Dkt. 96)

Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Notice, page 1

About this source

The plaintiffs filed Trump's October 19 post with the court, reproducing it in full with a screenshot as an exhibit.

Author
Counsel for the DC Preservation League, Dave Roberts and Alex Dickson
Published
Accessed

Original text

DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), memorandum opinion and order denying the motion to disqualify (Dkt. 95)

Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Memorandum opinion, pages 1-3 and 8

About this source

Reyes answers each of the government's claims of bias with excerpts from earlier hearing transcripts and denies the motion.

Author
Judge Ana C. Reyes
Published
Accessed

Original text

DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), defendants' response regarding their position on final agency action (Dkt. 94)

Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Response, pages 1-2

About this source

Filed the evening of October 18 after Reyes asked whether the government kept its position that there was no final agency action, following Trump's announcement of a design for the course that morning.

Author
Stanley E. Woodward Jr., Associate Attorney General, for the defendants
Published
Accessed
Archived copy (opens in a new tab)

Original text

DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), plaintiffs' opposition to the motion to disqualify Judge Ana C. Reyes (Dkt. 90)

Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Introduction, pages 1-2

About this source

The plaintiffs' response to the government's disqualification motion, filed by lawyers from Lowell & Associates, Democracy Forward Foundation and Democracy Defenders Fund.

Author
Counsel for the DC Preservation League, Dave Roberts and Alex Dickson
Published
Accessed
Archived copy (opens in a new tab)

Original text

DC Preservation League v. Department of the Interior, No. 1:26-cv-00477 (D.D.C.), defendants' motion to disqualify Judge Ana C. Reyes and to authorize release of hearing audio (Dkt. 86)

Read source (opens in a new tab)

Relevant passage: Motion, pages 1-4

About this source

Filed for the Interior Department, Interior Secretary Doug Burgum, the National Park Service and Jessica Bowron. The motion cites Reyes's remarks at the October 12 hearing and her conduct in other cases involving the Trump administration.

Author
Stanley E. Woodward Jr., Associate Attorney General, for the defendants
Published
Accessed
Archived copy (opens in a new tab)

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Cite this record

Publisher
The Dispute Index
Title
Judge bars further tree removal at East Potomac Golf Course and rejects a Justice Department motion to disqualify her
First published
Last updated
Permalink
https://disputeindex.com/cases/east-potomac-golf-course-tree-removal-judge-reyes

The Dispute Index. "Judge bars further tree removal at East Potomac Golf Course and rejects a Justice Department motion to disqualify her". First published: 2026-10-20. Last updated: 2026-10-20. https://disputeindex.com/cases/east-potomac-golf-course-tree-removal-judge-reyes